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News / Governments’ response to Delta variant slams August domestic traffic demand
IATA announced that the recovery in air travel decelerated in August compared to July
The International Air Transport Association (IATA) announced that the recovery in air travel decelerated in August compared to July, as government actions in response to concerns over the COVID-19 Delta variant cut deeply into domestic travel demand.
Because comparisons between 2021 and 2020 monthly results are distorted by the extraordinary impact of COVID-19, unless otherwise noted all comparisons are to August 2019, which followed a normal demand pattern.
- Total demand for air travel in August 2021 (measured in revenue passenger kilometers or RPKs) was down 56.0% compared to August 2019. This marked a slowdown from July, when demand was 53.0% below July 2019 levels
- This was entirely driven by domestic markets, which were down 32.2% compared to August 2019, a major deterioration from July 2021, when traffic was down 16.1% versus two years ago. The worst impact was in China, while India and Russia were the only large markets to show a month-to-month improvement compared to July 2021
- International passenger demand in August was 68.8% below August 2019, which was an improvement compared to the 73.1% decline recorded in July. All regions showed improvement, which was attributable to growing vaccination rates and less stringent international travel restrictions in some regions
“August results reflect the impact of concerns over the Delta variant on domestic travel, even as international travel continued on a snail’s pace toward a full recovery that cannot happen until governments restore the freedom to travel. In that regard, the recent US announcement to lift travel restrictions from early November on fully vaccinated travelers is very good news and will bring certainty to a key market. But challenges remain, September bookings indicate a deterioration in international recovery. That’s bad news heading into the traditionally slower fourth quarter,” said Willie Walsh, IATA’s Director General.
| AUGUST 2021 (% VS AUGUST 2019) | WORLD SHARE1 | RPK | ASK | PLF (%-PT)2 | PLF (LEVEL)3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Market | 100.0% | -56.0% | -46.2% | -15.6% | 70.0% |
| Africa | 1.9% | -58.0% | -50.4% | -11.5% | 64.0% |
| Asia Pacific | 38.6% | -78.3% | -66.5% | -29.6% | 54.5% |
| Europe | 23.7% | -48.7% | -38.7% | -14.4% | 74.6% |
| Latin America | 5.7% | -42.0% | -37.7% | -5.8% | 77.4% |
| Middle East | 7.4% | -68.0% | -53.1% | -26.0% | 56.0% |
| North America | 22.7% | -30.3% | -22.7% | -8.6% | 78.6% |
1) % of industry RPKs in 2020
2) Change in load factor vs. the same month in 2019
3) Load Factor Level
International Passenger Markets
European carriers’ August international traffic declined 55.9% versus August 2019, significantly bettering the 63.2% decrease in July compared to the same month in 2019. Capacity dropped 45.0% and load factor fell 17.7 percentage points to 71.5%.
Asia-Pacific airlines saw their August international traffic fall 93.4% compared to August 2019, barely improved over the 94.5% drop registered in July 2021 versus July 2019 as the region continues to have the strictest border control measures. Capacity dropped 85.7% and the load factor was down 44.9 percentage points to 37.9%, by far the lowest among regions.
Middle Eastern airlines had a 69.3% demand drop in August compared to August 2019, improved upon the 73.6% decrease in July, versus the same month in 2019. Capacity declined 55.0%, and load factor deteriorated 26.2 percentage points to 56.2%.
North American carriers experienced a 59.0% traffic drop in August versus the 2019 period, much improved on the 61.7% decline in July compared to July 2019. Capacity sank 48.5%, and load factor dipped 18.0 percentage points to 70.3%.
Latin American airlines saw a 63.1% drop in August traffic, compared to the same month in 2019, improved over the 68.3% decline in July compared to July 2019. August capacity fell 57.3% and load factor dropped 11.4 percentage points to 72.6%, which was the highest load factor among the regions for the eleventh consecutive month.
African airlines’ traffic fell 58.5% in August versus two years’ ago, somewhat improved over the 60.4% decline in July compared to July 2019. August capacity was down 50.1% and load factor declined 12.7% to 63.0%.
Domestic Passenger Markets
| AUGUST 2021 (%VS AUGUST 2019) | WORLD SHARE1 | RPK | ASK | PLF (%-PT)2 | PLF (LEVEL)3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domestic | 54.2% | -32.2% | -22.2% | -11.0% | 74.7% |
| Dom. Australia | 0.7% | -83.3% | -75.1% | -27.1% | 54.9% |
| Dom. Brazil | 1.6% | -20.7% | -18.2% | -2.6% | 79.9% |
| Dom. China P.R. | 19.9% | -57.0% | -36.8% | -28.1% | 59.5% |
| Dom India | 2.1% | -44.8% | -34.7% | -13.3% | 72.1% |
| Dom. Japan | 1.4% | -59.8% | -29.4% | -34.9% | 46.3% |
| Dom. Russian Fed. | 3.4% | 31.9% | 32.6% | -0.5% | 90.5% |
| Dom. US | 16.6% | -13.2% | -7.1% | -5.7% | 80.9% |
1) % of industry RPKs in 2020
2) Change in load factor vs. the same month in 2019
3) Load Factor Level
China’s domestic traffic dropped 57.0% compared to August 2019 – a huge deterioration from the 2.5% fall in July. However, overall cases were low, and outbreaks were mostly under control by the end of August, suggesting numbers will improve in September.
India’s domestic traffic reversed the trend, as demand fell 44.8% in August, improved from a 58.9% decline in July versus July 2019, owing to positive trends in new cases and vaccination.
The Bottom Line
“The rapid slowdown in the domestic traffic recovery in August, owing to a spike in the Delta variant shows how exposed air travel continues to be to the cycles of COVID-19. For governments that should send two messages. The first is that this is not the time to step away from continuing support of the industry, both financial and regulatory. The second is the need to apply a risk-based approach to managing borders--as passengers are already doing in making their travel decisions,” said Walsh.
Next week, leaders of the global aviation community will gather in Boston at the 77th IATA Annual General Meeting (AGM) and World Air Transport Summit, 3-5 October. “The AGM provides a powerful vote of confidence in the safety of international air travel and the health protocols that have now been in place for up to 18 months. I’ve said it before: virtual meetings are no substitute for the value delivered through the opportunity to meet face-to-face. The AGM will provide a powerful reminder of this fact,” said Walsh.
View the full August Air Passenger Market Analysis (pdf), including 2021 vs. 2020 comparisons.
